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| Religion in Austria ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Religion in Austria
Christianity is the predominant religion in Austria. At the 2001 census, 73.6% of the country's population was Roman Catholic.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/au.html#People )〕 , the number of Catholics has dropped to about 63.4% of the population.〔(Kirchenaustritte gingen 2012 um elf Prozent zurück )〕〔(Kirchenstatistik ), abgerufen am 13. Jänner 2015〕 In 2014, the number of Catholics dropped by another 1% to 61.4% of the total Austrian population.〔 There is a much smaller group of Lutherans, totaling about 4.7% of the population in 2001, 3.7% in 2012. Since the 2001 census, these two historically dominant religious groups in Austria recorded losses in the number of adherents. The Roman Catholic Church reported a drop of ~10%, the Lutheran Church of ~1%.
In contrast, the number of Muslims in Austria has increased in recent years, and with 4.2% of the population calling themselves Muslim in 2001, up to around 5% to 6.2% in 2010.〔(How many Muslims live in Austria )〕〔(Islam in Österreich )〕 Orthodox churches have also grown to represent 2.2% of the population. Both the communities are represented by recent immigrants, especially from Turkey and the Balkans. There are also minor communities of Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists and Jews, and other religions in Austria.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/au.html#People )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.sacred-destinations.com/austria/austria-religion.htm )〕
==History==
Austria was greatly affected by the Protestant reformation, to the point a big part of the population became Protestant. The prominent position of the Habsburgs in the Counter-Reformation, however, saw Protestantism all but wiped out, restoring Catholicism as the dominant religion once more. The significant Jewish population (around 200,000 in 1938), mainly residing in Vienna, was reduced to just a couple of thousand through mass emigration in 1938 (more than 2/3 of the Jewish population emigrated from 1938 until 1941), and the following Holocaust during the Nazi period. Immigration in more recent years, primarily from Turkey and the former Yugoslavia, has led to an increased number of Muslims and Serbian Orthodox Christians.〔 As in other European countries, there has been a growth of Pagan movements in Austria in recent years.
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